We lose ground: Global assessment of land subsidence impact extent

Depletion of groundwater aquifers along with all the associated quality and quantity problems which affect profitability direct agricultural urban users linked groundwater-ecosystems have been recognized globally. During recent years, attention has devoted to land subsidence—the loss elevation that occurs in areas certain geological characteristics aquifer exploitation. Despite large socioeconomic impacts subsidence most these effects are still not well analyzed properly quantified In this paper we developed a impact extent (LSIE) index is based on 10 attributes, applied it 113 sites located around world reported effects. We used statistical means map physical, human, policy variables regions affected by their index. Our main findings suggest LSIE increases between 0.1 6.5% changes natural processes, regulatory interventions, usage, while holding other unchanged. Effectiveness interventions varies depending lithology system, particular its stiffness. also developing countries more prone due lower performance existing water governance institutions. • Land (LS) substantial. LS accounted for, neither nor economically valued. Subsidence Impact Extent comparing across sites. use LSIE. Lithology, excess usage